Schweier Janine, PhD.

Cable-based technologies have been the backbone of forest management and harvesting on steep slopes for decades. The design of a cable road is a complex task. It essentially comprises the identification of the start and end points of a cable road, as well as the intermediate supports. With the aim of simplifying this design process, we developed a semi-automated cable road design tool (QGIS plugin SEILAPLAN) that is easy and intuitive to use. SEILAPLAN is based on mechanical assumptions for the structural analysis that are »close-to-reality«, contains an algorithm that checks all possible intermediate support combinations and automatically identifies the optimal solution, and integrates tools and geodata within a GIS application. We present its main components and present an example of application. The integration into a GIS program, the implemented cable mechanics, and the associated information for the construction of a cable road were highly appreciated by the users.

In some specific yarding situations ground contact needs to be reduced to an absolute minimum. In such cases, a double-hitch system can serve as an alternative to helicopter logging. In the present investigation, a cable yarding operation using double-hitch carriages for selective thinning in intermediate slope was accompanied by a time and motion study to better understand the working steps and resulting productivity of cable yarding in this unconventional situation. The main aims were to develop a model that can be used to estimate the productivity of comparable yarding operations before their implementation, and to quantify the additional effort relative to the use of a cable yarder with a single-hitch carriage. The results indicated an overall productivity of 5.69 m3ob per productive system hour including delays of up to 15 minutes (PSH15), leading to yarding costs of 97.54 CHF (m3ob)-1 (in addition to costs for installation and felling). Compared to a system with a common single-hitch carriage, the inclusion of a second lateral yarding stage increased time and cost, contributing 13.30 € (m3ob)-1. Key factors affecting productivity were payload size, number of load pieces, and terrain difficulty, while yarding distances had minimal impact. Compared with traditional yarding, double-hitch operations were less productive and more costly, but they can still be considered a suitable alternative to helicopter logging in sensitive areas.

In some specific yarding situations ground contact needs to be reduced to an absolute minimum. In such cases, a double-hitch system can serve as an alternative to helicopter logging. In the present investigation, a cable yarding operation using double-hitch carriages for selective thinning in intermediate slope was accompanied by a time and motion study to better understand the working steps and resulting productivity of cable yarding in this unconventional situation. The main aims were to develop a model that can be used to estimate the productivity of comparable yarding operations before their implementation, and to quantify the additional effort relative to the use of a cable yarder with a single-hitch carriage. The results indicated an overall productivity of 5.69 m3ob per productive system hour including delays of up to 15 minutes (PSH15), leading to yarding costs of 97.54 CHF (m3ob)-1 (in addition to costs for installation and felling). Compared to a system with a common single-hitch carriage, the inclusion of a second lateral yarding stage increased time and cost, contributing 13.30 € (m3ob)-1. Key factors affecting productivity were payload size, number of load pieces, and terrain difficulty, while yarding distances had minimal impact. Compared with traditional yarding, double-hitch operations were less productive and more costly, but they can still be considered a suitable alternative to helicopter logging in sensitive areas.